Аршинов М. Ю., Белан Б. Д., Гармаш О. В., Давыдов Д. К., Демакова А. А., Ежова Е. В., Козлов А. В., Kulmala M., Lappalainen H., Petäjä T.
Приведены результаты исследования взаимосвязи поступления в воздух радона и образования ионов по данным наблюдений, проводимых в обсерватории «Фоновая» ИОА СО РАН. Показано, что такая связь является устойчивой в период с октября по январь. В остальные месяцы она нарушается. Если же из массива данных убрать события нуклеации и грозовых разрядов, то такая связь проявляется в течение всего года.
Arshinov M. Yu., Belan B. D., Garmash O. V., Davydov D. K., Demakova A. A., Ezhova E. V., Kozlov A. V., Kulmala M., Lappalainen H., Petäjä T.
The correlation between the radon influx into the atmosphere and the formation of ions has been
studied from the data of observations at the Fonovaya Observatory of Institute of Atmospheric Optics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences. This correlation is shown to be stable in the period from October to January. In the other months, the correlation is disturbed. However, if the events of nucleation and lightning discharges are removed from the data set, then the correlation is kept throughout the year.
Zenkova, P. N. ; Chernov, D. G. ; Shmargunov, V. P. ; Panchenko, M. V. ; Belan, B. D.
A large-scale comprehensive study of the composition of the troposphere over the Russian sector of the Arctic was carried out in September 2020 onboard the Tu-134 Optik aircraft laboratory. We studied the spatiotemporal variations in aerosol and black carbon (BC) concentrations. The sensing data were used to analyze the general and particular features of the spatial variations in the vertical profiles of aerosol and BC concentrations. The columnar BC concentrations at the Arctic and subarctic latitudes were obtained.
aerosol, black carbon, soot, vertical distribution, aircraft laboratory, the Arctic
DOI: 10.1134/S1024856022010146
Tentyukov, M. P. ; Lyutoev, V. P. ; Belan, B. D. ; Simonenkov, D. V. ; Golovataya, O. S.
We describe a method of ultraviolet radiation dosimetry based on recording the photostimulated transition Mn3+ + e− → Mn2+ in ultrafine magnesium oxide with a periclase crystal structure. It is shown that this photoeffect can be recorded using the method of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). The passive integrating ultraviolet detector (UV detector) is suggested to be developed on the basis of tubes with ultrafine magnesium oxide and through recording EPR lines of Mn2+ ions after these tubes are exposed to light. This new UV detector was tested in comparative estimation of layer-by-layer variations in the ultraviolet transparency of snow cover. It is discussed how the powder UV detector can be used in a passive monitoring of ultraviolet radiation incident on the Earths surface in the framework of studying the stability of tundra ecosystems under the conditions of stratospheric ozone depletion in the Arctic.
ultraviolet radiation, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) method, magnesium oxide, ultraviolet radiation detector, monitoring, the Arctic, snow cover
DOI: 10.1134/S1024856022010122
Наблюдающееся в настоящее время глобальное изменение климата и окружающей среды, которое
связывают с ростом концентрации парниковых газов, требует организации контроля за их содержанием в атмосфере. В первой части работы описана история создания и развития наблюдательной сети постов контроля концентрации парниковых газов в РФ. Более подробно охарактеризована мониторинговая система ИОА СО РАН, развернутая на территории Западной Сибири. Она
включает в себя 3 поста комплексного мониторинга состава воздуха и 2 стационара для измерения
потоков парниковых газов на границе «почва-атмосфера».
Во второй части работы дано описание сети станций мониторинга парниковых газов, созданной в
Западной Сибири на территории Алтайского края, Омской, Томской, Тюменской и Челябинской
областей, Ханты-Мансийского и Ямало-Ненецкого автономных округов. Приводятся некоторые
результаты многолетнего мониторинга парниковых газов на территории Западной Сибири.
Приведены результаты сравнительных исследований вертикальной изменчивости химического состава снежных слоев,
хронологически привязанных к периодам выпадения стратиграфически значимых снегопадов. Показаны особенности
концентрирования элементов-примесей на геохимических барьерах в снежной толще. Обсуждается механизм их формирования
в сезонном снежном покрове.
Тентюков М.П., Белан Б.Д., Симоненков Д.В., Михайлов В.И.
Анализируются результаты лазерной гранулометрии нанодисперсной фракции осевшего аэрозольного
вещества и УФ-спектрометрии водных смывов с поверхности разновозрастной хвои четырех видов лесообразующих пород растений. Оценена активность эффлоресценции фенольных соединений на поверхность
разновозрастной хвои в период зимнего покоя растений. Показана возможность образования вторичных органических аэрозолей в результате фотоактивированных реакций между фенольными соединениями и осажденным аэрозольным веществом. Обсуждается возможность поступления вторичных органических аэрозолей в полог зимнего леса под воздействием радиометрического фотофореза. Предполагается, что фотофорез
вторичных аэрозолей в поле уходящего с поверхности снежного покрова ИК-излучения («снеговой» фотофорез) может существенно влиять на вертикальный перенос вторичных органических аэрозолей в пологе
хвойного леса зимой.
Tentyukov M. P., Belan B. D., Simonenkov D. V., Mikhailov V. I.
We analyze the results of the laser granulometry of a nanosized fraction of settled aerosol substance
and UV spectrometry of water washouts from the surfaces of different-age needles of four forest-forming
plant species. The activity of efflorescence of phenolic compounds onto different–age needle surfaces is estimated for the period of winter dormancy of plants. A possibility is shown for the secondary organic aerosol
production as a result of photoactivated reactions between phenolic compounds and deposited aerosol substance. It is discussed how secondary organic aerosols can enter the winter forest canopy under the influence
of the radiometric photophoresis. The secondary aerosol photophoresis in the field of IR radiation, leaving
the snow cover surface (“snow” photophoresis), is speculated to affect significantly the vertical transport of
the secondary organic aerosols in the winter coniferous forest canopy.
The impact of suspended particles in the urban air on the health of different groups of the population of Tomsk, Russia, is studied. It is shown that women are generally most susceptible to the adverse
effects of aerosol air pollution and extreme (high summer and low winter) air temperatures. Women at age
of 65–74 are the most vulnerable to the environment hazards. The age-and-sex matched analysis of mortality allows us to determined groups of population (age, causes of death) the most susceptible to high aerosol concentrations and extreme air temperatures: women aged 65–74, cancer of the digestive system, breast
cancer, and acute myocardial infarction; women aged 34–50, undetermined causes; women aged 75–87,
breast-pang; men aged 53–65, other forms of coronary artery disease; men 78+, male reproductive organ
cancer. The general mortality of the population is shown to be mainly due factors not studied in this work.
However, the risk of the negative impact of air pollution is significant for the selected groups of population
in the region under study
V. V. Andreev, M. Yu. Arshinov, B. D. Belan, S. B. Belan, D. K. Davydov, V. I. Demin, N. V. Dudorova, N. F. Elansky, G. S. Zhamsueva, A. S. Zayakhanov, G. A. Ivlev, A. V. Kozlov, L. V. Konovaltseva, S. N. Kotel’nikov, I. N. Kuznetsova, V. A. Lapchenko, E. A. Lezina, V. A. Obolkin, O. V. Postylyakov, V. L. Potemkin, D. E. Savkin, I. A. Senik, E. V. Stepanov, G. N. Tolmachev, A. V. Fofonov, T. V. Khodzher, I. V. Chelibanov, V. P. Chelibanov, V. V. Shirotov & K. A. Shukurov
Ozone is one of the most toxic admixtures in the troposphere. Therefore, it is among the main pollutants and its concentration is monitored. This work represents an overview of continuous measurements of the
ozone content in the troposphere on the territory of Russia throughout 2021 carried out on an initiative of scientific and educational institutions at 17 stations in different Russian regions. The monitoring results showed
that the daily average ozone concentration exceeded the MPCd.a level during a major part of the year at all observation sites, and by a factor of two or even three at a number of stations. At six stations, concentrations in excess
of the maximum permissible one-time concentration MPCm.o were recorded. This requires a more comprehensive analysis of the composition and concentration of ozone precurcors and the development of measures to
reduce their emission into the atmosphere.
Андреев В. В., Аршинов М. Ю., Белан Б. Д., Белан С. Б., Давыдов Д. К., Демин В. И., Дудорова Н. В., Еланский Н. Ф., Жамсуева Г. С., Заяханов А. С., Ивлев Г. А., Козлов А. В., Коновальцева Л. В., Котельников С. Н., Кузнецова И. Н., Лапченко В. А., Лезина Е. А., Оболкин В. А., Постыляков О. В., Потемкин В. Л., Савкин Д. Е., Сеник И. А., Степанов Е. В., Толмачев Г. Н., Фофонов А. В., Ходжер Т. В., Челибанов И. В., Челибанов В. П., Широтов В. В., Шукуров К. А.
Озон – одна из самых токсичных примесей в тропосфере. Поэтому в большинстве стран он относится
к основным загрязнителям и ведется постоянный мониторинг его концентрации. Настоящая работа представляет собой обзор непрерывных измерений содержания озона в тропосфере на территории России за весь
2021 г., осуществлявшихся по инициативе научных и образовательных организаций в разных регионах
страны на 17 станциях. Результаты мониторинга показали, что в течение значительной части года среднесуточная концентрация озона превышала уровень ПДКс.с во всех пунктах проведения наблюдений, на ряде
станций в два и даже три раза. На шести станциях зафиксирована концентрация выше максимальной разовой ПДКм.р. Такое поведение концентрации озона требует более полного анализа состава и концентрации
озонообразующих веществ и разработки мероприятий по уменьшению их эмиссии в атмосферу.
Дана оценка влияния взвешенных частиц в атмосфере города на здоровье разных групп населения.
Показано, что женщины в целом наиболее подвержены неблагоприятному воздействию загрязнения атмосферы твердыми частицами и экстремальных (высоких летом и низких зимой) температур воздуха. Из всех
возрастных групп наиболее уязвимыми оказались женщины 65–74 года.
Установлено, что наибольшую чувствительность к повышенной концентрации аэрозоля и экстремальным
температурам воздуха проявили следующие группы населения: женщины 65–74 года с причинами смерти
«злокачественные новообразования органов пищеварения» (коды МКБ-10 С15-С26), «злокачественное новообразование молочной железы» (код МКБ-10 С50), «острый инфаркт миокарда» (код МКБ-10 I21); женщины 34–50 лет, «неуточненные причины» (коды МКБ-10 R00-R99); женщины 75–87 лет, «стенокардия» (код
МКБ-10 I20); мужчины 53–65 лет, «другие формы острой ишемической болезни сердца» (код МКБ-10 I24);
мужчины 78+, «злокачественные новообразования мужских половых органов» (коды МКБ-10 С60-С63).
Показано, что на общую смертность населения главным образом влияют факторы, не исследованные
в настоящей работе. Для выделенных групп населения риск негативного влияния загрязняющих веществ
в исследуемом регионе является значимым.
Белан Б. Д., Ивлев Г. А., Козлов А. В., Пестунов Д. А., Скляднева Т. К., Фофонов А. В.
Обсуждаются методические аспекты и подходы, использованные при организации измерений солнечной
радиации в обсерватории «Фоновая» ИОА СО РАН, и возможности нового радиационного комплекса, интегрированного в измерительную систему обсерватории в 2020 г. Он оснащен комплектом приборов, позволяющих осуществлять непрерывный мониторинг суммарной (0,285–2,8 мкм), общей УФ- (0,280–0,400 мкм)
и УФ–В-радиации (0,280–0,315 мкм), а также радиационного баланса. Описаны возможности специально
разработанного программного обеспечения для сбора, передачи и обработки данных измерений.
По данным наземных измерений в обсерватории «Фоновая» в 2021 г. проведен анализ изменчивости солнечной радиации в диапазонах длин волн λ = 0,285 ч 2,8; 0,280 ч 0,400; 0,280 ч 0,315 мкм. Приводятся
результаты расчета радиационного баланса и альбедо подстилающей поверхности. Показано, что с ноября по март при устойчивом снежном покрове суточный радиационный баланс составляет 1,20 ± 1,18 МДж/м2,
а при отсутствии снега с мая по сентябрь – 8,83 ± 4,49 МДж/м2. Сделаны оценки суточного поглощения солнечной радиации земной поверхностью. В период устойчивого снежного покрова с декабря по март суточное поглощение солнечной радиации земной поверхностью не превышало 2 МДж/м2, а в летний период изменялось от 10 до 25 МДж/м2.
Аршинов М. Ю., Белан Б. Д., Давыдов Д. К., Козлов А. В., Фофонов А. В.
Исследуется динамика потоков парниковых газов, которые измерялись с 2017 по 2021 г. в обсерватории «Фоновая» ИОА СО РАН (п. Киреевск, Томская обл.). Показано, что среднегодовые потоки СО2 в обсерватории изменялись от -283 (сток) до +31 мг × м-2 × ч-1 (эмиссия). Суточная минимальная эмиссия 1351 мг × м-2 × ч-1 фиксировалась в 2019 г., максимальная – 1789 мг × м-2 × ч-1 – в 2021 г. Наименьший за все время наблюдения сток был в 2017 г. и составлял 2099 мг × м-2 × ч-1. Наибольший, равный 2304 мг × м-2 × ч-1, зарегистрирован в 2018 г. Среднегодовые потоки метана находились в диапазоне от -0,032 в 2018 г. до -0,047 мг × м-2 × ч-1 в 2020 г. Суточная максимальная эмиссия метана фиксировалась в 2018 г. (0,915 мг × м-2 × ч-1), а минимальная в 2021 г. (0,095 мг × м-2 × ч-1). При этом максимальный сток варьировал от года к году в диапазоне: от -0,241 до -0,361 мг × м-2 × ч-1. Почва района измерений оказалась слабым источником N2O и сильным СО2 и СН4. Среднегодовые потоки N2O находились в пределах 0,007–0,011 мг × м-2 × ч-1. Мало менялись и межгодовые максимальные эмиссии (от 0,237 до 0,301 мг × м-2 × ч-1) и стоки (от -0,206 до -0,245 мг × м-2 × ч-1).
Despite the fact that the presence of a heat island over a city was established quite a long time ago, now there is no versatile algorithm for the determination of the urban heat island intensity. The proposed models either take into account only one or several factors for the formation of an urban heat island or do not consider physical reasons for the difference in thermodynamic conditions between a city and countryside. In this regard, it is impossible to make a forecast and determine the optimal methods for reducing the urban heat island intensity for an arbitrarily chosen city in a wide range of its characteristics and climatic conditions. This paper studies the causes for the formation of an urban heat island in order to develop the quantitative model of this process through the determination of the difference in radiation fluxes of various nature between a city and countryside (background area). A new equation allowing the intensity of an urban heat island in different seasons and different times of day, as well as under various atmospheric conditions, to be calculated from meteorological parameters measured at a stationary observation station is proposed. The model has been tested through the comparison of the results of numerical simulation with direct measurements of the heat island in Tomsk with a mobile station. It is shown that the main contributors to the formation of the heat island in Tomsk are anthropogenic heat emissions (80–90% in winter, 40–50% in summer) and absorption of shortwave radiation by the urban underlying surface (5–15% in winter, 40–50% summer). The absorption of longwave radiation by the urban underlying surface, absorption by atmospheric water vapor and other constituents, and heat consumption for evaporation are insignificant. An increase in the turbulent heat flux is responsible for the outflow of 40–50% of absorbed energy in summer and 20–30% in winter.
urban heat island; heat flux; city; heat balance of the underlying surface
https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13030457
Alexandr S. Safatov, Irina S. Andreeva, Galina A. Buryak, Sergei E. Olkin, Irina K. Reznikova, Boris D. Belan, Mikhail V. Panchenko and Denis V. Simonenkov
Background: Biological components of atmospheric aerosol affect the quality of atmospheric air. Long-term trends in changes of the concentrations of total protein (a universal marker of the biogenic component of atmospheric aerosol) and culturable microorganisms in the air are studied. Methods: Atmospheric air samples are taken at two locations in the south of Western Siberia and during airborne sounding of the atmosphere. Sample analysis is carried out in the laboratory using standard culture methods (culturable microorganisms) and the fluorescence method (total protein). Results: Negative trends in the average annual concentration of total protein and culturable microorganisms in the air are revealed over more than 20 years of observations. For the concentration of total protein and culturable microorganisms in the air, intra-annual dynamics is revealed. The ratio of the maximum and minimum values of these concentrations reaches an order of magnitude. The variability of concentrations does not exceed, as a rule, two times for total protein and three times for culturable microorganisms. At the same time, for the data obtained in the course of airborne sounding of the atmosphere, a high temporal stability of the vertical profiles of the studied concentrations was found. The detected biodiversity of culturable microorganisms in atmospheric air samples demonstrates a very high variability at all observation sites. Conclusions: The revealed long-term changes in the biological components of atmospheric aerosol result in a decrease in their contribution to the atmospheric air quality index.
Boris D. Belan, Gerard Ancellet, Irina S. Andreeva, Pavel N. Antokhin, Viktoria G. Arshinova, Mikhail Y. Arshinov, Yurii S. Balin, Vladimir E. Barsuk, Sergei B. Belan, Dmitry G. Chernov, Denis K. Davydov, Alexander V. Fofonov, Georgii A. Ivlev, Sergei N. Kotelnikov, Alexander S. Kozlov, Artem V. Kozlov, Katharine Law, Andrey V. Mikhalchishin, Igor A. Moseikin, Sergei V. Nasonov, Philippe Nédélec, Olesya V. Okhlopkova, Sergei E. Olkin, Mikhail V. Panchenko, Jean-Daniel Paris, Iogannes E. Penner, Igor V. Ptashnik, Tatyana M. Rasskazchikova, Irina K. Reznikova, Oleg A. Romanovskii, Alexander S. Safatov, Denis E. Savkin, Denis V. Simonenkov, Tatyana K. Sklyadneva, Gennadii N. Tolmachev, Semyon V. Yakovlev, and Polina N. Zenkova
The change of the global climate is most pronounced in the Arctic, where the air temperature increases 2 to 3 times faster than the global average. This process is associated with an increase in the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. There are publications predicting the sharp increase in methane emissions into the atmosphere due to permafrost thawing. Therefore, it is important to study how the air composition in the Arctic changes in the changing climate. In the Russian sector of the Arctic, the air composition was measured only in the surface atmospheric layer at the coastal stations or earlier at the drifting stations. Vertical distributions of gas constituents of the atmosphere and aerosol were determined only in a few small regions. That is why the integrated experiment was carried out to measure the composition of the troposphere in the entire Russian sector of the Arctic from on board the Optik Tu-134 aircraft laboratory in the period of 4 to 17 September of 2020. The aircraft laboratory was equipped with contact and remote measurement facilities. The contact facilities were capable of measuring the concentrations of CO2, CH4, O3, CO, NOx, and SO2, as well as the disperse composition of particles in the size range from 3 nm to 32 µm, black carbon, and organic and inorganic components of atmospheric aerosol. The remote facilities were operated to measure the water transparency in the upper layer of the ocean, the chlorophyll content in water, and spectral characteristics of the underlying surface. The measured data have shown that the ocean continues absorbing CO2. This process is most intense over the Barents and Kara seas. The recorded methane concentration was increased over all the Arctic seas, reaching 2090 ppb in the near-water layer over the Kara Sea. The contents of other gas components and black carbon were close to the background level.
In bioaerosol, bacteria predominated among the identified microorganisms. In most samples, they were represented by coccal forms, less often spore-forming and non-spore-bearing rod-shaped bacteria. No dependence of the representation of various bacterial genera on the height and the sampling site was revealed. The most turbid during the experiment was the upper layer of the Chukchi and Bering seas. The Barents Sea turned out to be the most transparent. The differences in extinction varied by more than a factor of 1.5. In all measurements, except for the Barents Sea, the tendency of an increase in chlorophyll fluorescence in more transparent waters was observed.
Hanna K. Lappalainen, Tuukka Petäjä, Timo Vihma, Jouni Räisänen, Alexander Baklanov, Sergey Chalov, Igor Esau, Ekaterina Ezhova, Matti Leppäranta, Dmitry Pozdnyakov, Jukka Pumpanen, Meinrat O. Andreae, Mikhail Arshinov, Eija Asmi, Jianhui Bai, Igor Bashmachnikov, Boris Belan, Federico Bianchi, Boris Biskaborn, Michael Boy, Jaana Bäck, Bin Cheng, Natalia Chubarova, Jonathan Duplissy, Egor Dyukarev, Konstantinos Eleftheriadis, Martin Forsius, Martin Heimann, Sirkku Juhola, Vladimir Konovalov, Igor Konovalov, Pavel Konstantinov, Kajar Köster, Elena Lapshina, Anna Lintunen, Alexander Mahura, Risto Makkonen, Svetlana Malkhazova, Ivan Mammarella, Stefano Mammola, Stephany Buenrostro Mazon, Outi Meinander, Eugene Mikhailov, Victoria Miles, Stanislav Myslenkov, Dmitry Orlov, Jean-Daniel Paris, Roberta Pirazzini, Olga Popovicheva, Jouni Pulliainen, Kimmo Rautiainen, Torsten Sachs, Vladimir Shevchenko, Andrey Skorokhod, Andreas Stohl, Elli Suhonen, Erik S. Thomson, Marina Tsidilina, Veli-Pekka Tynkkynen, Petteri Uotila, Aki Virkkula, Nadezhda Voropay, Tobias Wolf, Sayaka Yasunaka, Jiahua Zhang, Yubao Qiu, Aijun Ding, Huadong Guo, Valery Bondur, Nikolay Kasimov, Sergej Zilitinkevich, Veli-Matti Kerminen, and Markku Kulmala
The Pan-Eurasian Experiment (PEEX) Science Plan, released in 2015, addressed a need for a holistic system understanding and outlined the most urgent research needs for the rapidly changing Arctic-boreal region. Air quality in China, together with the long-range transport of atmospheric pollutants, was also indicated as one of the most crucial topics of the research agenda. These two geographical regions, the northern Eurasian Arctic-boreal region and China, especially the megacities in China, were identified as a “PEEX region”. It is also important to recognize that the PEEX geographical region is an area where science-based policy actions would have significant impacts on the global climate. This paper summarizes results obtained during the last 5 years in the northern Eurasian region, together with recent observations of the air quality in the urban environments in China, in the context of the PEEX programme. The main regions of interest are the Russian Arctic, northern Eurasian boreal forests (Siberia) and peatlands, and the megacities in China. We frame our analysis against research themes introduced in the PEEX Science Plan in 2015. We summarize recent progress towards an enhanced holistic understanding of the land–atmosphere–ocean systems feedbacks. We conclude that although the scientific knowledge in these regions has increased, the new results are in many cases insufficient, and there are still gaps in our understanding of large-scale climate–Earth surface interactions and feedbacks. This arises from limitations in research infrastructures, especially the lack of coordinated, continuous and comprehensive in situ observations of the study region as well as integrative data analyses, hindering a comprehensive system analysis. The fast-changing environment and ecosystem changes driven by climate change, socio-economic activities like the China Silk Road Initiative, and the global trends like urbanization further complicate such analyses. We recognize new topics with an increasing importance in the near future, especially “the enhancing biological sequestration capacity of greenhouse gases into forests and soils to mitigate climate change” and the “socio-economic development to tackle air quality issues”.
Steffen M. Noe, Ksenia Tabakova, Alexander Mahura, Hanna K. Lappalainen, Miriam Kosmale, Jyri Heilimo, Roberto Salzano, Mattia Santoro, Rosamaria Salvatori, Andrea Spolaor, Warren Cairns, Carlo Barbante, Fidel Pankratov, Angelika Humbert, Jeroen E. Sonke, Kathy S. Law, Tatsuo Onishi, Jean-Daniel Paris, Henrik Skov, Andreas Massling, Tuukka Petäjä
Integrative and Comprehensive Understanding on Polar Environments (iCUPE) project developed 24 novel
datasets utilizing in-situ observational capacities within the Arctic or remote sensing observations from ground or
from space. The datasets covered atmospheric, cryospheric, marine, and terrestrial domains. This paper connects
the iCUPE datasets to United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals and showcases the use of selected datasets
as knowledge provision services for policy- and decision-making actions. Inclusion of indigenous and societal
knowledge into the data processing pipelines enables a feedback mechanism that facilitates data driven public
services
Sustainable development, Arctic data, In-situ, Remote sensing, Mercury, Data driven public services
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2022.02.034
P. N. Antokhin, O. Yu. Antokhina, M. Yu. Arshinov, B. D. Belan, S. B. Belan, D.
K. Davydov, A. V. Kozlov, D. A. Pestunov, A. V. Fofonov
In this work, we evaluated the balance of carbon exchange in the system ”atmosphere - biosphere”. For this
purpose, calculations of the vertical fluxes of carbon dioxide were carried out using the method of gradient
measurements. The gradient measurements of carbon dioxide concentration and meteorological parameters were
obtained on the territory of the Fonovaya Observatory of the IOA SB RAS during the period from July 2016 to
January 2022.
P. N. Antokhin, O. Yu. Antokhina, M. Yu. Arshinov, B. D. Belan, S. B. Belan, D. K. Davydov, A. V. Kozlov, D. A. Pestunov, A. V. Fofonov
Calculations made for September 2011 and 2021 using the regional model WRF-Chem. Initial and boundary conditions for the distribution of gas component concentrations were set using the results of the calculations from two global chemical transport models. The model used for 2011 was MOZART4, and for 2021 | WACCM. As a result, it was shown that for 2011, the model accurately reconstructs the average daily values for carbon monoxide and ozone concentrations. The concentrations of nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide shows quality agreement of the time course. For 2021, the model shows underestimated values for both carbon monoxide and sulfur dioxide; and, conversely, overestimated concentrations for ozone and nitrogen oxides.
A. A. Bart, T. B. Zhuravleva, T. K. Sklyadneva, M. Yu. Arshinov
In this work, we present estimates of the predictions of global horizontal irradiance, as well as of the profiles of air
temperature and relative humidity in the interval of 10-40 m under the clear-sky summer conditions near Tomsk. The
numerical experiments are carried out for three different configurations of the WRF-Solar model. Data of measurements
are obtained using the measurement complex, located on the territory of “Fonovaya” observatory (IAO SB RAS). The
statistical analysis of the calculation errors showed that the mean absolute errors and the root-mean-square errors are: 30
W/m2 and 40 W/m2 for GHI, 1.2C and 1.5C for air temperature, as well as 10% and 15% for the relative air humidity,
averaged over the altitude interval of 10-40 m. Preliminary results showed that the chosen sets of parameterizations make
it possible to simulate these characteristics with the accuracy no worse than that of similar calculations by other authors
under the analogous conditions.
solar radiation, numerical modelling, WRF model
https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2644769
D. A. Pestunov, V. M. Domysheva, M. V. Sakirko, A. M. Shamrin, M. V.
Panchenko
Long-term observation series of carbon dioxide and methane fluxes in the water-atmosphere system in the coastal zone of Lake Baikal are analyzed. It is shown that the total sink of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere to the water surface is 5.9 gСО2 m-2 year-1, while the methane emission from water is estimated as 80 mgСН4 m-2 year-1. For comparative estimation of the radiative forcing, it is taken that the contribution of the atmospheric methane molecule to global warming is 27 times greater than that of the СО2 molecule. Then, the coastal area of Lake Baikal contributes to global warming due to the methane emission 8-20% more than to the cooling due to absorption of carbon dioxide by the water.
carbon dioxide, methane, air-sea gas exchange, diurnal and seasonal pattern, global warming
potential, littoral, Lake Baikal
https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2645414
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